The island of Cyprus is under British lease as a component of its colonial holdings.

During the Oktovriana events, Greek Cypriots dismantle British flags and vandalize the Government House, advocating for union with Greece, known as 'Enosis,' a concept that greatly alarms the Turkish Cypriot community.

Makarios III ascends to the position of Archbishop of Cyprus, vowing to persist until unification or 'Enosis' with "Mother Greece" is realized.

Individuals advocating for 'Enosis' through acts of terrorism are exiled, paving the way for a resolution. On August 16, 1960, a unified and independent Cyprus comes into existence with the introduction of a new constitution.

The constitution mandates that the President must be a Greek Cypriot, while the Vice President should be a Turkish Cypriot. A legislative body is established, with the Greek Cypriot community holding more than twice the representation compared to Turkish Cypriots. Both Greece and Türkiye are permitted to maintain a limited military presence on the island, although Greece deploys a larger contingent.

Makarios III is elected as President and seeks to fully integrate the two communities, a move that contradicts the wishes of the Turkish Cypriot population.

A campaign of terrorism initiated by Greek Cypriots unfolds, resulting in 25,000 Turkish Cypriots being expelled from their homes and corralled into small enclaves. Their residences and mosques are demolished. The number of Turkish Cypriots killed in these events is double that of Greek Cypriots.

Makarios III proclaims that Cyprus will either fully unite with Greece or face a "holocaust," asserting that the objective of 'Enosis' will be achieved, "alive or dead."

A military coup topples the government in Greece, emboldening EOKA to intensify attacks on Turkish Cypriot communities.

In response to the escalating violence and fearing potential genocide, Türkiye issues an ultimatum demanding that EOKA cease its terrorist activities and that Greece withdraw its unauthorized military forces from Cyprus.

A coup in Cyprus is ordered by Greece. EOKA terrorists are appointed to key positions of power. Turkish Cypriots are urged not to leave their homes as over 200 of them are slaughtered, including babies.

Greece officially invaded on July 15th 1974 In a speech, even Makarios III admits “Greece has invaded Cyprus.”

Türkiye demands EOKA terrorists and the Greek military withdraw for both communities’ safety. This plea is ignored.

Türkiye has no choice but to use its UN-granted role as a guarantor power to legally intervene and stop the bloodshed. This saved the Turkish Cypriot people from genocide and 10,000 Greek Cypriot prisoners imprisoned as ‘enemies of the state’.

The ABC Plan, formulated by the British, USA, and Canadian governments, lays out the framework for a 'bi-zonal, bi-communal' federal model for Cyprus. While this plan receives formal endorsement from the United Nations, it is ultimately rejected by the Greek Cypriot community.

The United Nations crafts a settlement proposal aimed at resolving the conflict. The Northern side fully embraces the agreement, even going so far as to offer significant concessions. However, the Southern side declines to affix its signature to the document.

The Annan Plan, aimed at resolving the Cyprus issue, is put to a vote in separate referenda by both the North and South.

The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) overwhelmingly approves the plan, while the South emphatically rejects it, opting to maintain the status quo where the Greek Cypriot administration enjoys global recognition and trade.

Had the plan been accepted, the island would have been reunified under a revamped constitution designed to be equitable for both communities.

In response to the voting outcomes, representatives from the UN and the UK state that efforts must be made to "end the isolation of northern Cyprus," adding that the TRNC "should not be penalised because the Greek Cypriots rejected the UN settlement plans."

Despite this, Cyprus joins the European Union as a whole, while the TRNC continues to be subject to an embargo.

Natural gas reserves are discovered in the waters encircling the island of Cyprus, introducing a new resource dimension to the ongoing political and territorial complexities.

Talks aimed at power-sharing falter in Crans-Montana due to opposition from the Greek Cypriot side. As a result, the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) finds itself compelled to advocate for a two-state solution to resolve the longstanding issues.

Ersin Tatar is elected President, campaigning explicitly on a platform that advocates for a collaborative relationship between two distinct states on the island of Cyprus.